McGregor was a
social psychologist and professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
U.S.A. He was a leading expert on personal relations. His famous works
included: The Professional Manager, Leadership and Motivation, The Human Side
of Enterprise.
Managers were perceived by McGregor, whose theories are still often quoted,
to make two noticeably different sets of assumptions about their employees.
|
Theory X
|
Theory Y
|
|
Lazy
|
Like working
|
|
Avoid responsibility
|
Accept/seek responsibility
|
|
Therefore need control/coercion
|
Need space to develop imagination/ingenuity
|
|
Schein type: 'rational economic man'
|
Schein type: 'self-actualizing man'
|
Advantages
- Identifies two main types of individual for managers to consider and how to motivate.
Disadvantages
·
Only presents two extremes of managerial behaviour.
·
200 engineers and accountants were asked to recall the
times/occasions when they experienced satisfactory and unsatisfactory feeling
about their jobs. Later this also involved manual and clerical staff similar
results claimed
