If
we consider management as optimizing the use of resources to accomplish goals,
then the managerial functions can be easily discerned. Managers plan, organize,
allocate staff, direct and control resources in an organized group effort to
achieve desired objectives. This approach has many aspects, but the key
variables are resources, objectives and efforts.
The
objectives may be organizational or individual. For example, the broad
objectives of a research organization may be to carry out innovative or
adaptive research. The objectives of individual scientists in the organization
may be to achieve professional growth and recognition, and even a sense of
fulfillment in being associated with the organization. The role of management
is to organize and coordinate so as to fulfill both individual and
organizational objectives in optimal manner.
Human
resources management involves getting the persons best suited for particular
tasks, and getting the best out of them. Thus, management is responsible for
utilizing the available skills to ensure the most efficient use of all human
resources. Combined together, all workers should then deliver their best.
Physical
resources vary from organization to organization. In a research organization,
physical resources are laboratory equipment and apparatus, plant, machinery and
facilities. The task of a research manager is to ensure the availability of
technologically suitable and advanced apparatus and equipment, within the
available financial resources, and to ensure that they are well maintained. In
this way, scientific work should be interrupted as little as possible, if at
all.
