| 
Transactional | 
Transformational | 
| 
Transactional leadership is defined as the influence of a leader
  toward his subordinates using reward and punishment as a form of motivational
  medium | 
A
  form of leadership that requires leaders to engage with followers as ‘whole’
  people, rather than simply as an ‘employee’. | 
| 
basic orientation is dealing
  with present issues | 
forms new expectations in
  followers | 
| 
Works within the
  organizational culture  | 
Works to change the
  organizational culture by implementing new ideas  | 
| 
Leadership is responsive | 
Leadership is proactive | 
| 
Management-by-exception:
  maintain the status quo; | 
Promote creative and
  innovative ideas to solve problems  |